The preamble of India constitution setsout the maine objectives which the constitution makers intended to achieve.

Preamble of the Constitution

 Preamble is often mentioned at the beginning of every Act.  This is also necessary;  Because the preamble is the mirror of that act.  It conveys the spirit of the entire act in just a few words.  This is why Justice Subbarao has considered the Preamble to be a symbol of the main ideals and aspirations of the Act.  In other words, the Preamble helps in understanding the objectives and policies of the Act.  Exactly the same thing applies to the Constitution also.  The Preamble of the Constitution is the key to knowing the thoughts of the makers of the Constitution.

                   The Preamble is considered a part of the Constitution.  Wherever the language of the Constitution seems vague or doubtful, the Preamble helps in determining its meaning.

         Even in the case of S.  R.  Bommai vs. Union of India, the Supreme Court has considered the Preamble as an integral part of the Constitution.  In the Preamble, words like fully sovereign, socialist, secular, democratic republic have been used which indicate its nature.  The preamble mainly indicates two things

  (i) Source of the Constitution;  And

 (ii) Purpose of the Constitution.

    The Preamble of the Constitution indicates its source.  The preamble begins with 'We the people of India'.  From this it is clear that the source of the Constitution of India is the people of India.  It is created by the Assembly of Representatives elected by the people of India.

The governance of India runs according to the instructions laid down in the Constitution and it is said about the governance of India that it is "of the people, for the people and by the people."  It is also clear from this that ultimately the entire power of governance lies with the people.

             The Preamble also reveals the nature of the Constitution.  The nature of our Constitution is (i) completely sovereign;  (ii) Socialist;  (iii) secular;  (iv) Democratic republic;  Is of.  This is also the ideal of our Constitution.

Along with all this, the Preamble of the Constitution also reveals its aim (objective).  The aim of our Constitution is-

(i) To provide social, economic and political justice;

  (ii) To provide freedom of thought, belief and religion;

  (iii) To provide equality of position and opportunity;

 (iv) To establish fraternity that ensures the dignity of the individual and the unity and integrity of the nation.

We the people of India;

  India as a completely sovereign

  socialist secular democratic

  to form a republic;

  And to all its citizens;

  social, economic and political justice,

 Thought, expression, belief, religion and

  freedom of worship,

 equality of status and opportunity

  To get:

  and in all of them

 Dignity of the individual and unity of the nation

 and ensuring integrity

  To increase brotherhood-

 With a firm resolve, this Constitution

 In the meeting today, 26th November, 1949.

 (Miti Margashirsha Shukla Saptami,

 Samvat 2006 Vikrami)

  HEREBY ADOPT THIS CONSTITUTION,

 Enact and surrender.

The Preamble is the basic framework of the Constitution

  The meaningful words used in the Preamble of the Constitution;  They are the basic structure of the Constitution.  legislature by the Supreme Court in the case of State of Bihar vs. Balmukund Shah;  The concept of division of powers between the executive and the judiciary and the independence of the judiciary have been considered the basic framework of the Constitution.  Similarly, in the case of Indira Sawhney vs. Union of India, the principle of equality has been considered the basic structure of the Constitution by the Supreme Court.  Violation of Articles 14 and 16 is a violation of the basic structure of the principle.

But the right to property does not come within the scope of the basic structure of the Constitution.

 Meaning of words used in introduction

   The words embellished in the Preamble of the Constitution are mirrors of India's past and present civilization and culture.  The entire social, economic, political and cultural philosophy of India seems to be summed up in these words-

  The word 'sovereign' makes it clear that India is not under any foreign power from any internal or external point of view.  Its sovereignty lies with the people of India.  India is completely independent in matters of its home and foreign policy.  He can make treaty and friendship with any country.  It has its own independent existence.

It is difficult to give a uniform definition of the word socialism.  In the Indian perspective, it means 'economic justice', 'mixed economy' and 'individual activities'.  Two important decisions have been taken in this regard.  D.S.  In the case of Nakara vs. Union of India, the Supreme Court while explaining the term 'socialism' said, "The basic essence of socialism is to raise the standard of living of workers and weaker sections of the society. It favors economic equality and equal distribution of income.  .It is a wonderful mixture of Gandhism and Marxism which leans more towards Gandhism."  While clarifying the meaning of socialism in the case of Iksel Weir vs. Union of India, the Supreme Court said that the tendency of nationalization and state ownership should be encouraged under the construction of socialist society.  But at the same time, in this country with abundance and recognition of private property and factories, the interests of the privately owned class also cannot be ignored.

The word 'secular' is the product of the 42nd amendment of the Constitution.  It envisages a state in which religions are given equal importance.  It does not believe in any state religion.  This is reflected in freedom of belief, religion and worship.

 Integrity Unity, integrity and sovereignty of the country are the main characteristics of federal governance.  These are also major components of the all-round development of the country.  Therefore, it is very important to keep it intact.  This is the reason why the word 'integrity' has been included in the Preamble by the 42nd amendment of the Constitution.  This is a concept on the basis of which the freedom granted in Article 19 can be restricted.

The word 'Republic' denotes the abolition of hereditary monarchy.  Now the Head of State is a person elected by the people of the country.  The powers of the Republic of India are vested in the President who is elected by the members of the Parliament and the Legislative Assemblies.